Adv. Twinkle Lalwani · Jaipur

Legal Lens

Informational articles on Indian law — court rulings, statutory rights, and practical guidance across civil, criminal, consumer, RERA, and business matters.

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Criminal Law · MatrimonialJuly 2026

Filing False Criminal Cases in Matrimonial Disputes — The Supreme Court's Warning

The Supreme Court quashed 10+ criminal cases including POCSO and rape allegations filed as tactical weapons in a matrimonial dispute, and warned advocates against advising such filings.

⏱ 7 min read
Matrimonial · Family CourtJuly 2026

15 Years of Living Apart — When Does Prolonged Separation Become Grounds for Divorce?

The Supreme Court held that 15 years of complete separation with no cohabitation amounts to mental cruelty and grounds for divorce. What this means for those trapped in dead marriages.

⏱ 6 min read
Business Law · NI ActJuly 2026

Someone Tampered With Your Cheque Amount — What the Law Says and Who Bears the Loss

A materially altered cheque is void under Section 87 NI Act. The Supreme Court set aside a conviction where the amount was visibly changed — and no expert evidence was needed to see it.

⏱ 6 min read
Property Law · Hindu SuccessionJuly 2026

Husband Dies Without a Will — Who Inherits? Second Wife and Daughters From First Wife Have Equal Rights

Second wife and daughters from the first wife each inherit an equal 1/5th share in intestate succession. And no co-heir can sell the entire property acting as Karta.

⏱ 7 min read
Family Court · Child CustodyJuly 2026

Psychological Evaluation of Children in Custody Disputes — The Supreme Court Lays Down the Rules

Courts must adopt a minimum intrusion approach when ordering psychological evaluation of children. Comprehensive guidelines issued — what parents and family courts must now follow.

⏱ 6 min read
Criminal Law · Rajasthan July 2026

Death Row for 30 Years — Without a Lawyer. The Supreme Court Sets Aside the Conviction.

The Supreme Court set aside the death sentence of a Rajasthan convict who had no legal representation through his trial — and ordered a fresh trial. A landmark ruling on the right to fair trial.

⏱ 7 min read
Consumer Protection · Insurance July 2026

Your Bank Financed the Vehicle. It Was Stolen. Can the Bank Claim the Insurance?

Insurance is a personal contract between insurer and insured. A financier or third party cannot claim under the policy — Supreme Court reaffirms the rule of privity.

⏱ 6 min read
Business Law · Arbitration July 2026

Your Contract Has an Arbitration Clause. But Which Court Has Jurisdiction — Where You Signed, or Where Arbitration Was Held?

The seat of arbitration determines exclusive court jurisdiction — not the venue where hearings happened. The Supreme Court reaffirms a critical distinction for all businesses.

⏱ 7 min read
Consumer Protection · Arbitration July 2026

Your Agreement Has an Arbitration Clause. Can You Still Approach the Consumer Forum?

Yes — an arbitration clause in a consumer agreement does not bar the Consumer Forum. The Supreme Court confirms that consumer protection remedies cannot be contractually excluded.

⏱ 5 min read
Civil Law · Motor Accident Claims July 2026

Supreme Court Pulls Up Motor Accident Tribunals for Poor Quality Judgments — What This Means for Accident Claimants

MACT judgments must have clear and reasoned findings on negligence, compensation heads, and multiplier. What this means for claimants and how to ensure you get what you are entitled to.

⏱ 6 min read
Criminal Law · Bail July 2026

Cleaning Police Stations as a Bail Condition? The Supreme Court Says It Is Unconstitutional

Bail conditions requiring accused persons to clean police stations or perform menial tasks are declared void. What Article 21 says about dignified bail conditions.

⏱ 6 min read
Criminal Law · Human Rights July 2026

Supreme Court's Landmark Victim Protection Plan for Human Trafficking Survivors

The Supreme Court's 297-page order in Prajwala v. Union of India — distinguishing trafficked persons from voluntary adult sex workers and establishing rehabilitation as a fundamental right.

⏱ 7 min read
Criminal Law · Article 21 July 2026

State Cannot Oppose Bail While Delaying Trials — Supreme Court on Article 21 and the Right to Speedy Trial

The Supreme Court's July 2026 ruling that states cannot oppose bail while simultaneously failing to conduct trials. What this means for undertrial prisoners.

⏱ 6 min read
Civil Litigation · CPC July 2026

When Can the High Court Interfere in Revision Under Section 115 CPC? The Supreme Court Explains

The strict limits of revisional jurisdiction — what qualifies as a jurisdictional error and what does not. Essential reading for civil litigants considering a revision petition.

⏱ 6 min read
Consumer Protection · Everyday Rights July 2026

Restaurants Charging a Mandatory Service Charge? You Have the Right to Refuse It

CCPA guidelines prohibit restaurants from levying mandatory service charges. What the law says, why restaurant arguments fail, and how to file a complaint.

⏱ 5 min read
Business Law · Contract July 2026

What Every Contract Must Have — and What Most People Miss

Essential clauses every contract must include to be enforceable — offer, consideration, termination, IP, force majeure, indemnity and more. For businesses, startups and individuals.

⏱ 7 min read
Real Estate · RERA July 2026

How RERA Authority Works — Filing a Complaint, the Hearing Process, and the Role of the Adjudicating Officer

A complete guide to RERA Authority proceedings and AO proceedings in Rajasthan — what to file, where, and what to expect at each stage.

⏱ 8 min read
Criminal Law · Your Rights July 2026

Police Refusing to Register Your FIR? Here Is What the Law Allows You to Do

Step-by-step legal remedies when police refuse to register an FIR — application to SP, Magistrate complaint under Section 175 BNSS, High Court writ, and Zero FIR explained.

⏱ 7 min read
Civil Law · Legal Procedure July 2026

Received a Legal Notice? Here Is What It Means and What You Must Do Next

What a legal notice means, whether you must reply, timelines for cheque bounce notices, and what a proper reply should contain.

⏱ 6 min read
Business Law · NI Act July 2026

Cheque Bounce — Your Complete Guide to Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act

The full Section 138 process — demand notice, 15-day window, where to file, trial, punishment, and the recognised defences available to the drawer.

⏱ 8 min read
Consumer Protection · Banking June 2026

Bank Let Your Cheque Go Stale Through Negligence? You Have a Legal Remedy.

A bank that allows a cheque to become stale through its own failure to act is liable for deficiency in service under the Consumer Protection Act.

⏱ 5 min read
Criminal Law · Matrimonial June 2026

Non-Communication with Spouse for 13 Days — When Does It Become Cruelty Under Section 498A?

The Hon'ble Supreme Court set aside a conviction where the only evidence was thirteen days of silence. What the law requires — and what it does not.

⏱ 6 min read
Civil Litigation · Property Law June 2026

Missed a Ground in an Earlier Suit? You May Have Lost It Permanently — Constructive Res Judicata Explained

Not raising a legal ground in an earlier case can permanently bar you from raising it later — even if the omission was due to negligence.

⏱ 7 min read
Real Estate · RERA June 2026

Supreme Court Called Out RERA for Favouring Builders — What This Means for Homebuyers in Rajasthan

The highest court's sharp observations on RERA's functioning — what the law still provides, and steps homebuyers in Rajasthan can take.

⏱ 6 min read
Business Law · Startups June 2026

Government Promised Your Business an Incentive and Then Withdrew It — What the Law Actually Says

The doctrine of promissory estoppel can protect businesses that invested on government promises — but it has clear limits.

⏱ 7 min read
Business Law · Policy June 2026

Government Withdrew Industrial Incentive After Company Invested — Supreme Court on Promissory Estoppel

The limits of the doctrine of promissory estoppel in industrial incentive disputes and what businesses must know before relying on government policy promises.

⏱ 5 min read
Family Law · Child Custody May 2026

Child Custody Disputes — What Factors Do Courts Actually Consider?

Beyond welfare of the child — parental conduct, financial capacity, and living standards must all be assessed. What this means for custody proceedings.

⏱ 5 min read
Matrimonial · Consumer May 2026

Wrong Details on a Matrimonial Profile — When Does It Become Legal Fraud?

A High Court ruling holds that misrepresentation on matrimonial websites can attract fraud liability. What details matter legally and what remedies are available.

⏱ 4 min read
Criminal Law · Bail May 2026

Years in Custody Without Trial — What Are the Rights of an Undertrial Prisoner?

Section 479 of the BNSS and the Supreme Court's directions on long-detained undertrials. When prolonged incarceration becomes a constitutional violation.

⏱ 5 min read
Real Estate · RERA April 2026

No Owners' Association Formed Yet? What Flat Buyers in Rajasthan Can Do

RERA mandates that builders facilitate formation of Residents' Welfare Associations. What happens when they don't — and what rights flat buyers have in the interim.

⏱ 5 min read
Business Law · Arbitration April 2026

Does Your Contract's Dispute Resolution Clause Actually Work? Understanding Arbitration Agreements

Many contracts have arbitration clauses that are poorly drafted and unenforceable. What a valid arbitration agreement requires and how courts interpret ambiguous clauses.

⏱ 5 min read
Criminal Law · Bail March 2026

Anticipatory Bail Under the BNSS — What Has Changed and What Remains

How anticipatory bail under Section 482 BNSS compares to the earlier Section 438 CrPC — key changes, procedural aspects, and grounds courts examine.

⏱ 6 min read
Consumer Protection · Insurance February 2026

Insurance Claim Rejected? Your Rights Under the Consumer Protection Act

What constitutes an unfair claim rejection, how to approach the consumer forum, and the time limits that apply to insurance disputes in India.

⏱ 5 min read
Real Estate · RERA January 2026

Builder Delaying Possession? Your Rights Under RERA and the Consumer Protection Act

What Section 18 RERA entitles you to, how to calculate the interest due on delayed possession, and which forum to approach for your specific situation.

⏱ 5 min read

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